Books and more

• Home
• About
• Privacy

BMW motorbike workshop repair manual

The BMW K100 is a family of four-cylinder 987 cc motorcycles that have been produced by BMW from 1983 with 1992.As the 1970s came with an end, BMW confronted 3 difficulties from developing its flat-twin boxer engine further:

The BMW K100 is a family of four-cylinder 987 cc motorcycles that have been produced by BMW from 1983 with 1992.
As the 1970s came with an end, BMW confronted 3 difficulties from developing its flat-twin boxer engine further:

Developing European Union emissions laws meant which more control was required over the amount of gas entering the combustion room. From an technology standpoint this was simpler with achieve with more cylinders at an total small displacement.
The market-led development of bicycles was leading with the Japanese factories developing easier plus faster machines based about a four-cylinder structure.
Bike comparison inside the media at the time was based about top speed, along with a four-cylinder whenever completely developed built more energy.

In combination, this meant which BMW's advertising with consumers of the superior bicycle, permitting those to cost at a premium, was being fast lost, causing a reduction of sales plus marketplace share.
The need for a rapid development time scale of the clean burning four-cylinder engine as well as the truth which Honda had developed a flat-four boxer for the GL1000 Gold Wing, guided the shape team led by Josef Fritzenwenger plus Stefan Pachernegg with an existing liquid-cooled Peugeot auto engine.

To speed development yet boost the engine, the team produced 2 key options. Firstly, because a automobile engine, it was reasonably big compared with a motorcycle engine. As BMW required anything different from each alternative producer, the choice was prepared with lay the engine flat inside the frame with keep the centre of gravity low plus enhance the bike's handling. This really is well-known as a longitudinal 4 considering the crankshaft is within line with all the way of travel of the motorcycle. This configuration, an inline 4 cylinder engine with a longitudinal crankshaft had not been employed because pre-WWI-era motorcycles including the FN Four plus Pierce Four, plus overcame the issue of necessitating a horsepower-robbing 90-degree turn with the driveshaft. The 2nd development took region about engine administration, with Bosch L-Jetronic gas injection, plus later, Motronic gas injection changing carburettors, improving energy, broadening plus smoothing the powerband plus reducing gas expenditure.

These technology options meant which from begin they had a solid-performing plus marketable product, as well as the K100 was available plus being available in 4 years.

The same team might later develop a three-cylinder adaptation of the engine for the 750 cc K75, plus an improved four-valve-per-cylinder head for the aerodynamic K1.
The engine has its 4 cylinders organized thus which the crankshaft is found on the right-hand side of the motorcycle, with all the cylinder heads, camshafts, injectors plus spark plugs found on the left-hand side. This arrangement keeps the centre of gravity comparatively low, that advantages handling; as well as the room behind the front wheel accessible for the radiator.

Additionally, because the crankshaft is today found on the right-hand side, access with the engine becomes much simpler than inside a traditional shape, where the crankshaft is at the bottom. BMW preferred a shaft-drive for smoothness, along with a single-sided hollow swing arm enclosing the drive shaft offered appropriate side drive from the gearbox plus with the back wheel. The 4-into-1 all stainless steel exhaust exited found on the left hand side.

Brakes were twin-pot Brembo onto undrilled discs. Two different forks manufactures were used: Showa with an outer upper tube diameter of 1.612 inside plus Fichtel plus Sachs measuring 1.627 inside. In later models, the standard swingarm was changed with a Paralever merely because found on the K1.
Various models of the K100 were yielded.

K100, without fairing.
K100RS, with sports fixed fairing plus lower bars.
K100RT, with full fairing for 'road touring'.
K100LT, with a high screen plus extra equipment because standard for 'Luxury Touring'.

All models have double front, plus single back drive brakes. The RS model has a longer gear ratio than many other models.

The K-series available extra refinements including: all stainless steel exhaust, rust-resistant aluminium gas tank, anti-lock brakes or ABS about later-year models, adjustable headlight, significant ability 460 watt alternator, Hella accessory plug-in, self-cancelling signal lights.
Sales

Although sales were initially small, customers eventually warmed with the multi-cylinder BMW, as well as the three-cylinder derivation inside the shape of the BMW K75. The K100 had been a relative sales achievement, stemming the losses with the Japanese plus changing the media plus public perception of BMW.

The four-cylinder engine suffered from secondary vibration, yet the three-cylinder K75 was far smoother. The designers had expected this, plus had crafted inside good vibration isolation, yet it was truly the only technical glitch.

The competition were not far behind inside performance about release, upgrades were small, when engine performance was stepped up with all the September 1988 release of the radically aerodynamic BMW K1.
Jetronic is a trade name of the gas injection technologies for automotive petrol motors, developed plus advertised by Robert Bosch GmbH within the 1960s onwards. Bosch certified the idea with countless car producers. There are many variations of the development providing technological development plus refinement.
Analog gas injection. The 'D' is an abbreviation from German: "Druck", meaning stress. The depression is calculated utilizing a stress sensor placed inside or associated with the consumption manifold, inside purchase with calculate the length of the gas injection pulses. Originally, this program was really called Jetronic, yet the name D-Jetronic was later built because a retronym with distinguish it within the new versions.
Mechanical gas injection. The 'K' stands for German: "Kontinuierlich", meaning continuous. This really is different from pulsed injection systems, because the gas flows constantly from all injectors, whilst the gas pump pressurises the gas as much as around 5 bar. The air which is taken inside is furthermore weighed - with determine the amount of gas with inject. Commonly called 'Continuous Injection System' inside the USA. This program has no lambda loop or lambda control. K-Jetronic debuted inside the 1973.5 Porsche 911T inside January 1973, plus was later installed into a quantity of Porsche, Volkswagen, Audi, BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Rolls-Royce, Bentley, Lotus, Ferrari, Peugeot, Renault, Volvo, Saab, DeLorean plus Ford vehicles. The final vehicle with employ K-Jetronic was the 1994 Porsche 911 Turbo 3.6.

Gasoline is pumped within the gas tank with a big control valve called a gas distributor, that separates the single gas provide pipe within the tank into small pipes, 1 for every injector. The gas distributor is installed atop a control vane from that all intake air should pass, as well as the program functions by differing gas amount provided with the injectors based found on the angle of the air vane, which is determined by the amount flowrate of air past the vane, plus by the control stress. The control stress is regulated with a mechanical device called the control stress regulator or the warm-up regulator. Depending found on the model, the CPR can be utilized with pay for altitude, full weight, and/or a cold engine. On vehicles built with an oxygen sensor, the gas mixture is modified with a device called the frequency valve. The injectors are easy spring-loaded check valves with nozzles; when gas program stress becomes significant enough with overcome the counterspring, the injectors start spraying.
Digital gas injection, introduced for California bound 1982 Volvo 240 models. The 'LH' stands for German: "Luftmasse-Hitzdraht" - the hotwire anemometer development chosen with determine the mass of air into the engine. This air mass meter is known as HLM2 by Bosch. The LH-Jetronic was largely utilized by Scandinavian auto producers, plus by sports plus deluxe vehicles yielded inside little quantities, like Porsche 928. The most commonly known variants are LH 2.2, that utilizes an Intel 8049 microcontroller, plus commonly a 4 kB programme memory, plus LH 2.4, that utilizes a Siemens 80535 microcontroller plus 32 kB programme memory based found on the 27C256 chip. LH-Jetronic 2.4 has adaptive lambda control, plus help for a range of advanced features; including gas enrichment based about exhaust fuel temperature. Many later versions contain hardware help for initial generation diagnostics according with ISO 9141 plus immobiliser functions.
The BMW GS series of double cause off-road/on-road BMW motorcycles have been yielded from 1980, whenever the R80G/S was introduced, with the modern. The GS pertains with either Gelände/Straße or Gelände Sport. GS motorcycles is recognized from alternative BMW models by their longer travel suspension, an upright riding position, plus bigger front wheels – usually 19 with 21 inch. In May 2009, the 500,000th GS was yielded, an R1200GS model.
The initial shaft driven GS model was the R80G/S with a 797.5 cc air-cooled, flat-twin boxer engine. The BMW 247 engine, that was moreover fitted with other bicycles inside the BMW range, is termed as an airhead. The many valued adaptation was the R80G/S-PD "Paris-Dakar" model featuring a heavier tank, that was established inside celebration of the R80G/S wins inside the Paris Dakar Rally. In certain markets a 649.6 cc R65GS adaptation was furthermore accessible. These early machines utilized a combined back suspension plus drive swingarm called a Monolever.

In 1987 the G/S name was changed with GS with all the S meaning "Sport" instead of "Straße" as well as the Monolever was changed with all the Paralever swingarm, that included a torque arm intended with reduce shaft impact plus improve the swingarm-to-final drive connection. The new bikes were yielded with motors of 797.5 cc or 980 cc.

Production of the standard machines stopped inside 1995 with all the R100GS-PD, nevertheless specialized "Kalahari" plus "Basic" editions were created obtainable in 1996 plus 1997, that ended airhead GS creation.
In 1995, the introduction of the upcoming generation R-259 or oilhead engine signalled BMW's entry into contemporary adventure models, with a succession of greater displacement models including the R850GS, R1100GS, R1150GS as well as the R1200GS. Later models have electronic engine administration, ABS braking, twin spark plugs, plus more force than airhead models. The active R1200GS, occasionally called a hexhead as a result of the revised cylinder head form, is 20 kg lighter plus, with 105 horsepower, more effective than the R1150GS.

The R1150GS plus R1200GS are obtainable in an Adventure adaptation that adds a bigger gas tank, lower gearing, upgraded suspension, plus optional offroad wheels with result in the Adventure better for difficult off-road trips with a thick weight of gear plus supplies. The horizontally opposed two-cylinder "boxer" engine offers a comparatively low centre of gravity compared with motorcycles with inline-4 or V-twin machines. This firmly adds with the ability of these supra-litre class machines with travel about dirt roads plus trails. The distribution of torque over a wide RPM range combined with all the comparatively broad energy pulses inherent inside a long-stroke two-cylinder engine offers consistent plus predictable traction about loose surfaces.

As with all the airheads, all oilhead GS models are shaft driven. The front suspension, though, was changed from traditional forks with the Telelever, developed by British firm Saxon Motodd, that utilizes a control arm, called an A-arm by BMW with eliminate dive below braking.
In 1993 BMW introduced GS models driven with a single cylinder 4-valve 652 cc Rotax engine, sometimes known because a thumper, plus chain drive. The off road-capable F650 Funduro had a 19 inch front wheel, lengthy travel suspension, bash plate, along with a significant seat. The more road biased F650ST Strada had a small diameter 18 inch front wheel, narrower handlebars plus small screen. The bicycles were produced alongside the almost identical 5-valve Aprilia Pegaso.

BMW introduced the gas injected F650GS inside 2000 following BMW's win inside the 1999 Dakar Rally with a seriously modified F650RR ridden by Richard Sainct. A taller, more off-road biased Dakar variation was introduced that included a taller screen, 21 inch front wheel plus longer suspension travel. BMW re-branded the single-cylinder bicycle because the G650GS inside certain markets after the release of the parallel twin-cylinder models inside 2008. In 2010, at the EICMA show inside Italy, BMW Motorrad announced the worldwide accessibility of the G650GS with a somewhat down-rated engine producing 35 kW.

The single-cylinder bicycles have a sturdy following plus are thought by several of their riders with be greater off-roaders than the heavier boxer-engined bicycles. Like the heavier two-cylinder models, they provide substantial capability with carry gear plus supplies over lengthy ranges. Their flexibility is appealing with riders whom intend with invest weeks, months, even years going about 2 wheels.
There are many owners clubs focused on the bicycle. There is an aftermarket of motorcycle accessories for the GS range including aluminium luggage, saddles, shock absorbers, screens, lights plus GPS mountings.

In 2004 the R1150GS Adventure was created more common following being utilized by stars Ewan McGregor plus Charley Boorman inside their journey Long Way Round, that included riding from London with NY by going east over Europe, central Asia, Alaska, Canada as well as the USA. They continued their organization with all the GS whenever Boorman selected an F650RR throughout his 2006 Dakar Rally attempt, that was recorded inside the book plus TV series Race with Dakar, plus again inside 2007 whenever both chosen the R1200GS Adventure inside their journey Long Way Down, inside that they rode from John o'Groats at the northern tip of Scotland, with Cape Agulhas inside South Africa at the southern tip of the African continent.

Both the R1200GS as well as the F650GS were showcased inside the BBC TV series The Hairy Bikers' Cookbook, ridden by chefs Dave Myers plus Si King.

Rush drummer plus lyricist Neil Peart utilized an R1100GS for a 14 month, 55,000 miles self-healing trip, recorded inside the book Ghost Rider: Travels found on the Healing Road, which he created inside the late 1990s after the deaths of his just daughter plus spouse. Peart moreover selected the R1200GS with an 1150GS because a backup about his 2004 motorcycle trip between gigs about Rush's 30th Anniversary tour, a trip he recorded inside the book Roadshow: Landscape with Drums, A Concert Tour By Motorcycle.

Television food character Alton Brown plus his team rode R1200GS motorcycles throughout season 2 of the tv system Feasting about Asphalt. They rode BMW R1200RT motorcycles throughout season 1, however, found the GS better suited for the backroads they found themselves about.

On 27 July 2007, the BMW R1200GS plus R1200GS Adventure reached a manufacturing record of 100,000 units because its release inside 2004, generating it the top BMW motorcycle. In May 2011, the 2,000,000th motorcycle yielded by BMW had been a R1200GS.

Copyright © Cokahamabooks.com.au 2013