Mini Workshop Manuals Moke BMW Leyland
The Mini is a little economy vehicle produced by the British Motor Corporation as well as its successors from 1959 till 2000.
This distinctive two-door automobile was crafted for BMC by Sir Alec Issigonis.
On introduction inside August 1959 the Mini was
Mini Restoration Manual
Mini renovation guide by Lindsay PorterGet more BMW fix manuals hereFilled with everything restorers are seeking like small background purchasing facts specifications bodywork mechanics interiors electrics mods tools colors systems clubs plus. Clear step-by-step photographs and instructions make this the book for remodeling their bodywork and interiors providing new life to technical and electric components plus improved overall performance and look. Protects all products like Mini Cooper. Strongly recommended. For folks who love Minis or are planning on purchasing. Integracar endeavors to offer you a broad variety of servicing manuals. However workshop guides may just be created for different region additionally the vehicles produced for people countries. Correctly not totally all repair manuals could be suited to your particular car. When you have enquiries whether a individual people handbook is suitable for the automobile please e-mail us hereMini Restoration handboo
Mini
Mini by Rob GoldingGet other BMW restoration guides hereThe Mini might be little but England s favourite car makes they big! This guide informs the full facts for this iconic vehicles from this s establish in the 50 s up to the modified BMW form of these days. Through Swinging Sixties as the epitome of Cool achievements on the rushing circuit The Italian tasks to these days s 21st century hip transportation ...all the threads that connect the first Mini to these days s up-to-date variation were right here complex fascinating numerous. It is a book that will be welcomed by Mini enthusiasts and bought by motoring enthusiasts!Mini by Rob Golding
Looking After Mini
Looking After Mini by Ted ConnollyGet other BMW restoration manuals hereWith their effortlessly flowing text this guide guides the reader through the routines of examination purchase maintenance restoration remodelling and enhancement. They reveals the techniques the writer possess honed over his long profession as a Mini physician and describes the mandatory skill the Mini holder needs to prolong their car s a healthy body and energetic lifetime. Integracar tries to put up a considerable spectral range of proprietors guides. Notwithstanding this restoration guides is possibly designed for certain nations and vehicles delivered for many countries. Which explains why not totally all maintenance guides could be acceptable for your picked car. When you yourself have questions whether a selected repairs handbook is entitled to your vehicle kindly get in touch with us hereLooking After Mini by Ted Connolly
The New Mini Performance Handbook
The New Mini Performance Handbook by Jeffrey ZurschmeideGet other BMW repair manuals hereSince its introduction to the U.S. market in 2002 the MINI Cooper and Cooper S have been among the hottest selling subcompact hatchbacks on the market. Popular in Road Rally and Autocross as well as on the street the new MINI has developed an intense following among driving and automotive design enthusiasts.This book is designed to take you through the possibilities for performance upgrades including step-by-step procedures for common upgrades including shocks and springs brakes clutch and flywheel turbo replacement supercharger pulley replacement intake exhaust and even installing a limited slip differential.In addition example cars are presented that show how many performance modifications come together to make a car that is well-balanced and fun to drive. Wh
Mini - Service and Repair manual Haynes 2001 - 2006 NEW
Mini Haynes solution and fix Manual July 2001-2006Get Other BMW vehicles Repair guides click the link unique hardcover 224 pages covers theMini One Cooper Cooper S Hatchback like alternative packs petrol models 2001 thru 2006 (Hardcover 224 pages). Machines (petrol): 1.6 litre (1598cc) SOHC 4 cyl (W10B16) as fitted to Mini One and Cooper 1.6 litre (1598cc) SOHC supercharged 4 cyl (W11B16) as fitted to the Mini Cooper SDoes NOT cover products with CVT or Steptronic automatic transmission or qualities certain to Convertible or John Cooper work sales. Does NOT protect brand-new ( Mk II ) MINI launched August 2006.With a Haynes manual can help you they yourself...from quick upkeep to basic repairs. Haynes writes every guide based on an entire teardown of this car. We read the most effective ways to manag
Mini Automotive Repair Manual 2002-2011
USA Mini Cooper Cooper S 2002 - 2011 Haynes Owners solution repairs handbook covers the next models: MK I brands: R50 - Cooper 2002 - 2006 R52 - Cooper Convertible / Cooper S Convertible 2005 - 2008 R53 - Cooper S 2002 - 2006Mk II versions: R55 - Cooper Clubman / Clubman S 2008 - 2011 R56 - Cooper / Cooper S 2007 - 2011 R57 - Cooper and Cooper S Convertible 2009 - 2011Note: Includes John Cooper work (JCW) models.NOTE: DOES NOT add Countryman models or convertible top information.Engines Covered: 1.6-litre SOHC 16-valve W10B16A (Mk we Cooper) 1.6-litre SOHC 16-valve W11B16A (Mk I Cooper S) 1.6-litre DOHC 16-valve N12 (Mk II Cooper 2010 and prior) 1.6-litre DOHC 16-valve N14 (Mk II Cooper S 2010 and earlier) 1.6-litre DOHC 16-valve N16 (Mk II Cooper 2011 brands) 1.6-litre DOHC 16-valve N18 (Mk II Cooper S 2011 models)Transmissions described were: Getrag GS5-65 BH/SH 5-speed handbook transmission (up to 07/2004) Getrag GS5-52 BG (5-speed handbook transmission (after 07/2004) Getrag GS6-85 BG/DG 6-speed manual transmission 5-
Little Book of Mini
Little guide of Mini by Brian LabanGet other BMW fix guides hereThis is the facts of an exceptional motoring icon celebrating its 50th Anniversary during 2009. A vehicle that has been conceived since the reply to an emergency but which became one of the best recognized. It will be the tale of an automobile that has been designed for the masses but became a must-have style declaration the rich and famous.Little Book of Mini by Brian Laban
Mini: The True and Secret History of the Making of a Motor Car
Mini: The True and Secret History of the creating of a Motor vehicle by Simon GarfieldGet various other BMW restoration guides hereIn May 1959 the initial Mini was produced on an assembly line at Cowley near Oxford. It might simply take a team of supremely skilled developers draftsmen engineers and production-line employees to create a car that was unique in features and construction. They'd clash regularly over an unpleasant and hazardous prototype and also the people must be persuaded to get a car or truck that allow in two inches of liquid with regards to rained. But somehow the Mini became an icon. Originally made for austerity and performance the vehicle shortly found portray individuality and classlessness. Today the vehicle remains produced at Cowley - it is currently possessed by BMW and known as the MINI. A fantastic Brit manufacturing story it is popular around the world than it's ever already been emblematic of age that created it. But whom renders these exact thi
Mini
Mini by Christy CampbellGet other BMW repair manuals hereFrom its birth in 1959 the Mini grew to become a national treasure and huge success: Princess Margaret owned one as did Steve McQueen Paul Newman the Beatles Peter Sellers and Marianne Faithfull. Its popularity with women in particular marked it out from the crowd and sales soared as the car was taken up by the new urban elite and took a starring role in The Italian Job. But there was trouble - the basic Mini sold for less than it cost to produce and by the early eighties the miracle machine had become a symbol of manufacturing incompetence. The end came in 2000 but a new generation of Mini was just around the corner and today this motoring pin-up is as iconic as ever. Mini features contributions from those who have known and loved this troubled star as well as its scornful critics. Full of fascinating facts and vivid stories this is a fabulous celebration of a living national treasure that reads more like the life story of a wayward royal than a machine.Mini by Christy Campbell
Maximum Mini
Maximum Mini by Jeroen BooijGet other BMW repairs guides hereThis could be the earliest book to focus exclusively regarding the cars based on the classic Mini. Tiny GTs sports cars roadsters and fun vehicles: mini-derivatives made the specialist motoring markets roar in sixties but from then on they didn t fade away. The seventies eighties and 1990s spotted brand-new alternatives on car that merely wouldn t pass away - some genius some crazy but always unusual and colorful. Through the popular Mini Marcos and Unipower GT that also raced at Le Mans toward extremely obscure but at the very least as exciting Coldwell GT or Sarcon Scarab nearly 60 cars is carefully investigated explained and photographed. A number of the everyone originally involved with designing and creating them are interviewed plus some automobiles that have been regarded as over were discovered during researching for this book. Others weren t however managed to make it in as older materials came to light. For the more than 500 photos inside guide most haven't already been observed in print before. Just as the enthusiasm necessary to build the automobiles described this guide happens to be written
Mini 1959 1969 Haynes Service Repair Manual UK
Get other BMW repair manuals hereMini 1959 - 1969 Haynes Owners Service Repair Manual covers: Saloon Mk1 Mk2 Traveller/Countryman Mk1 Mk2 Van Pick-up Mk1 Mk2 Cooper Cooper S Mk1 Mk2 Riley Elf Wolseley Hornet Mk1 Mk2 Mk3Engines covered: 0.9 litre (848cc) 1.0 litre (970cc 997cc and 998cc) 1.1 litre (1071cc) and 1.3 litre (1275cc). Covers manual and automatic transmission versions. Does NOT cover features specific to Mini Moke.Inside this manual you will find: Routine Maintenance tune-up procedures engine repair cooling and heating air-conditioning fuel and exhaust emissions control ignition brakes suspension and steering electrical systems and wiring diagrams.Haynes repair manuals can save you money on maintenance and repair bills. Step-by-step procedures and illustrations guide you through every job from basic maintenance and troubleshooting to complete teardown rebuild.Information on Repair and Service ManualsNote that repair manuals are
Mini Cooper Service Manual 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006
Mini Cooper Service Manual 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 by Bentley PublishersGet other BMW repair manuals hereThe MINI Cooper Service Manual: 2002-2006 is a comprehensive source of service information and specifications for MINI Cooper models from 2002 to 2006. The manual also includes coverage of the Cooper S models. The aim throughout this manual has been simplicity clarity and completeness with practical explanations step-by-step procedures and accurate specifications. Whether you re a professional or a do-it-yourself MINI owner this manual will help you understand care for and repair your car. Models and engines covered: Cooper: 1.6 liter normally aspirated engine Cooper S: 1.6 liter supercharged engine Transmissions covered: Cooper: Manual 5-speed transmission (Midlands Getrag) Cooper: Automatic continuously variable transmission (CVT) Cooper S: Manual 6-speed transmission (Getrag) Cooper S: Automatic with Agitronic (Aisin
Mini 1969 2001 Haynes Service Repair Manual UK
Get other BMW repair manuals hereMini 1969 - 2001 Haynes Owners Service Repair Manual covers: Saloon Estate Van and Pick-up Including Clubman Cooper S Mk3 1275GT 1.3i Cooper and Special/Limited Editions.Engines covered: 0.9 litre (848cc) 1.0 litre (998cc) 1.1 litre (1098cc) and 1.3 litre (1275cc).Does NOT cover ERA Mini Turbo.Does NOT cover features specific to Cabriolet.Inside this manual you will find: Routine Maintenance tune-up procedures engine repair cooling and heating air-conditioning fuel and exhaust emissions control ignition brakes suspension and steering electrical systems and wiring diagrams.Haynes repair manuals can save you money on maintenance and repair bills. Step-by-step procedures and illustrations guide you through every job from basic maintenance and troubleshooting to complete teardown rebuild.Information on Repair and Service ManualsNote that repair manuals are normally produced for models sold in a particular country.Differences in specification can exist between models sold in different countries and i
Mini And Moke 1971-1978 Gregorys Service Repair Manual
NEW - softcover 222 pages Other BMW Mini Repair Manuals click here Mini And Moke 1971 - 1978 Gregorys Owners Service Repair Manual Covers: Mini 1971 - 1978 Sedan Van and Wagon Moke 1971 - 1982Engines covered are all BMC / Leyland A-series OHV 4-cylinder: 850 (848 cc) 1000 (998 cc) 1100 (1098 cc) 1275 (1275 cc)Transmissions Covered: 4-speed manual 4-speed automaticNOTE: Only maintenance adjustment minor repair procedures plus removal and installation are described for the Automatic Transmission.Contents: Engine Cooling System Fuel System Clutch Manual Transmission (Strip Down and Rebuild) Drive Shafts Automatic Transmission Steering Front Suspension Rear Suspension Brakes Electrical System (Plus Wiring Diagrams) Body Emission Control Lubrication and Maintenance Wiring Diagram for Aus
Mini Cooper/Mini Cooper S
Mini Cooper/Mini Cooper S by Graham RobsonGet other BMW repair manuals hereThis is a comprehensive study of the career of one type of rally car - the BMC Mini-Cooper/Mini-Cooper S. In the 1960s the Mini became famous as Britain s most successful rally car. It combined superb handling a tiny body shell high-performance engines and the excellence of front-wheel-drive in an irresistible package. Not only this but the works team included famous drivers like Paddy Hopkirk Timo Makinen and Rauno Aaltonen. The works Minis not only won the Monte Carlo three times - 1964 1965 and 1967 - along with the European Rally Championship in 1965 but also won events all over the world. Because Minis were British and well-promoted they became seen as giant-killers and were the people s favourite for many years. The car outpaced many of its rivals and this book examines exactly who they were and how they came to be defeated by the mighty Mini. Even today works Minis appear at every gathering of cl
Mini Cooper (R55, R56, R57) Service Manual: 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011
Mini Cooper (R55 R56 R57) Service Manual: 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 by Bentley PublishersGet other BMW repair manuals hereThe MINI Cooper Cooper S Clubman (R55 R56 R57) 2007-2011 Service Manual is a comprehensive source of service information and specifications for MINI Cooper models from 2007 to 2011 (also known as the Mk II). The aim throughout this manual has been simplicity clarity and completeness with practical explanations step-by-step procedures and accurate specifications. Whether you re a professional or a do-it-yourself MINI owner this manual will help you understand care for and repair your car. Engines covered: N12 (2007-2010) N14 (2007-2010) N16 (2011) N18 (2011) Transmissions covered: Automatic gearbox: 6-speed AISIN (GA6F21WA) Manual gearbox: 6-speed Getrag (GS6-55BG for Cooper GS6-53BG for Cooper S) Integracar endeavors to give you a considerable range of workshop manuals.
Mini 1959 1976 Service Repair Manual Brooklands Books Ltd UK
Get other BMW repair manuals hereMini 1959 - 1976 Owners Service Repair Manual covers: Mini Saloon Countryman Traveller Clubman Estate 1275 GT Van Pick-up Moke Cooper and Cooper S. Includes an additional 178 page Australian supplement.Contents: General Data. Tuning Data. Ignition Equipment. Cooling System. Fuel System. Clutch. Transmission. Drive Shafts. Rear Suspension. Steering. Front Suspension. Hydraulic Dampers. Braking System. Electrical Equpment. Body. Service Tools. Emmission Control.Originally published by British Leyland Motors Ltd in 1976.This Edition first printed under Licence in 1996.Part Number AKD4935/2Information on Repair and Service ManualsNote that repair manuals are normally produced for models sold in a particular country.Differences in specification can exist between models
Anatomy of the Works Mini
Anatomy of the Works Mini by Brian MoylenGet various other BMW repair guides hereThis guide tells the inside facts of the way the giant-killing Minis of rallying rallycross and racing fame were transformed from standard Mini-Coopers in BMC Competitions Department. The writer who invested 22 ages in Comps shows the techniques of specs build technique and improvement the famous Works Minis. The guide includes efforts from Ginger Devlin (Cooper s Chief Mechanic) and Jumping Jeff Williamson (Works Rallycross motorist). Specially fabled for their great adventures when you look at the Monte Carlo Rally works Minis humbled many bigger and much more effective automobiles in worldwide motorsport throughout the 1960s and 1970s. Auto mechanic Br
Mini
Mini by Jon PressnellGet other BMW repair manuals hereThe fruit of 20 years of research this is the book on the Mini produced to celebrate 50 years of the innovative small car and true British motoring icon. Acknowledged Mini expert Jon Pressnell has produced an authoritative comprehensive and lavishly illustrated history full of never-before-seen testimony from those involved with the car throughout its 41 years in production. A large format and lively design complete the package making this the definitive history of the definitive small car.Mini by Jon Pressnell
This distinctive two-door automobile was crafted for BMC by Sir Alec Issigonis. It was produced at the Longbridge plus Cowley vegetation inside England, the Victoria Park / Zetland British Motor Corporation factory inside Sydney, Australia, plus later additionally inside Spain, Belgium, Chile, Italy, Malta, Portugal, South Africa, Uruguay, Venezuela plus Yugoslavia. The Mini Mark I had 3 main UK changes – the Mark II, the Clubman as well as the Mark III. Within these had been a series of variations, including an property automobile, a pick-up truck, a van as well as the Mini Moke – a jeep-like buggy. The Mini Cooper plus Cooper "S" were sportier versions which were effective because rally vehicles, winning the Monte Carlo Rally 4 occasions from 1964 from with 1967, though inside 1966 the Mini was disqualified following the finish, together with six different British entrants, that included the initially 4 vehicles to complete, beneath a questionable ruling which the vehicles had employed an illegal mixture of headlamps plus spotlights.
On introduction inside August 1959 the Mini was advertised beneath the Austin plus Morris names, because the Austin Seven plus Morris Mini-Minor. The Austin Seven was renamed with Austin Mini inside January 1962 plus Mini became a marque inside its own appropriate inside 1969. In 1980 it again became the Austin Mini plus inside 1988 the Rover Mini.
Designated by Leonard Lord because project ADO15 as well as the product of the Morris shape team, the Mini came to exist due to a gas shortage caused by the 1956 Suez Crisis. Petrol was again rationed inside the UK, sales of big vehicles slumped, as well as the marketplace for German bubble vehicles boomed. Lord, the somewhat autocratic head of BMC, reportedly detested these vehicles thus much which he vowed with free the streets of them plus shape a 'proper miniature car'. He laid down certain simple shape requirements: the auto ought to be contained inside a box which calculated 10×4×4 feet; as well as the passenger accommodation must occupy 6 feet of the 10-foot length; as well as the engine, for factors of expense, ought to be an existing device. Issigonis, who had been functioning for Alvis, had been recruited back with BMC inside 1955 plus, with his abilities inside designing little vehicles, became a all-natural for the task. The team which tailored the Mini was remarkably small: and also Issigonis, there was clearly Jack Daniels, Chris Kingham, 2 technology pupils plus 4 draughtsmen. Together, by October 1957, they had tailored plus built the authentic prototype, that was affectionately called "The Orange Box" due to its color.
The ADO15 selected a traditional BMC A-Series four-cylinder, water-cooled engine, nevertheless departed from custom by mounting it transversely, with all the engine-oil-lubricated, four-speed transmission inside the sump, plus by employing front-wheel drive. Almost all tiny front-wheel-drive vehicles developed because have chosen a synonymous configuration, except with all the transmission commonly individually enclosed instead of utilizing the engine oil. The radiator was installed at the left side of the vehicle thus which the engine-mounted enthusiast can be retained, nevertheless with reversed pitch thus it blew air into the all-natural low stress region beneath the front wing. This place saved car size, however had the downside of feeding the radiator with air which had been heated by passing over the engine. It furthermore exposed the whole ignition program with the direct ingress of rainwater by the grille.
The suspension program, crafted by Issigonis's friend Dr. Alex Moulton at Moulton Developments Limited, utilized compact rubber cones rather of traditional springs. This space-saving shape furthermore showcased increasing progressive-rate springing of the cones, plus offered several all-natural damping, inside addition with the general dampers. Built into the subframes, the rubber cone program gave a raw plus bumpy ride accentuated by the woven-webbing seats, however the rigidity of the rubber cones, together with all the wheels' positioning at the corners of the vehicle, gave the Mini go kart-like handling.
Initially an interconnected fluid program was planned, synonymous with the 1 which Alec Issigonis plus Alex Moulton were functioning about inside the mid-1950s at Alvis. They had evaluated the mechanically interconnected Citroën 2CV suspension at which time, that inspired the shape of the Hydrolastic suspension program for the Mini plus Morris/Austin 1100, to test with keep the pros of the 2CV program, yet with added roll stiffness which the 2CV lacked. The short development time of the vehicle meant this wasn't prepared inside time for the Mini's release. The program intended for the Mini was further developed as well as the hydrolastic program was initially employed found on the Morris 1100, established inside 1962; the Mini gained the program later inside 1964. Ten-inch wheels were specified, thus hot tyres had with be developed, the initial contract going with Dunlop. Issigonis went with Dunlop stating which he desired even small, 8 inside wheels. An agreement was prepared found on the ten-inch size, following Dunlop denied the eight-inch proposition.
Sliding windows permitted storage purse inside the hollow doors; reportedly Issigonis sized those to fit a bottle of Gordon's Gin. The boot lid was hinged at the bottom thus which the vehicle might be driven with it available to grow luggage room. On early vehicles the quantity plate was hinged at the best thus it may swing right down to stay noticeable whenever the boot lid was open. This feature was later discontinued following it was noticed which exhaust gases can leak into the cockpit whenever the boot was open.
The Mini was crafted because a monocoque shell with welded seams noticeable found on the outside of the vehicle running down the A plus C pillars, plus amongst the body as well as the floor pan. Those that ran within the base of the A-pillar with the wheel perfectly were described because 'everted' with supply more space for the front seat occupants. To further simplify construction, the hinges for the doorways plus boot lid were installed externally.
Production models differed within the prototypes by the addition of front plus back subframes with the unibody with take the suspension plenty, plus by having the engine installed the additional means round, with all the carburettor at the back instead of at the front. This layout necessary an additional gear between engine plus transmission with reverse the way of rotation at the input with the transmission. Having the carburettor behind the engine reduced carburettor icing, however, the distributor was then exposed with water coming inside by the grille. The engine size was reduced from 948 with 848 cc; this, inside combination with a tiny heighten inside the car's width, cut the best speed from 90 mph with 72 mph.
The Mini form had become thus popular which by the 1990s, Rover Group – the heirs with BMC – were capable with register its shape because a trademark inside its own proper.
The manufacturing variation of the Mini was demonstrated with the hit inside April 1959, plus by August many 1000 vehicles had been yielded willing for the initially sales. The Mini was officially announced with the public about 26 August 1959. Many 2,000 vehicles had been transmitted abroad plus will be shown which day inside almost 100 nations.
The initially illustration, a Morris Mini-Minor with all the registration 621 AOK, is about show at the Heritage Motor Centre inside Warwickshire. Another early illustration from 1959 is today about show at the National Motor Museum inside Hampshire.
The Mini was advertised beneath BMC's 2 principal brands, Austin plus Morris till 1969, whenever it became a marque inside its own proper. The Morris adaptation was recognized with all because "the Mini" or Mini-Minor. The word minor is Latin for "lesser"; thus an abbreviation of the Latin word for "least" – minimus – was selected for the unique even small auto. One name proposed for the Austin variation was Austin Newmarket. Austin dealers available their virtually identical automobile because an Austin Seven, that recalled the common tiny Austin 7 of the 1920s plus 1930s. "Morris Mini-Minor" looks with have been a play about words; the Morris Minor became a heavier, popular plus effective automobile which continued inside creation.
Until 1962, the vehicles appeared because the Austin 850 plus Morris 850 inside North America plus France, plus inside Denmark because the Austin Partner plus Morris Mascot. The Morris name Mini was initially selected for Austin's adaptation by BMC inside 1961 whenever the Austin Seven was rebranded because the Austin Mini, somewhat with the surprise of the Sharp's Commercials vehicle business, that had been utilizing the name Minicar for their three-wheeled cars because 1949. But, legal action was somehow averted, plus BMC selected the name "Mini" thereafter.
In 1964, the suspension of the vehicles was changed by another Moulton shape, the hydrolastic program. The modern suspension gave a softer ride, nevertheless it furthermore improved fat plus manufacturing expense. In 1971, the authentic rubber suspension reappeared plus was retained for the remaining lifetime of the Mini.
From October 1965 the possibility of the specific Automotive Products tailored four-speed automatic transmission became accessible. Cars fitted with this became the Mini-Matic.
Slow at the outset, Mark I sales strengthened over nearly all of the model lines inside the 1960s, plus creation totalled 1,190,000. Ford bought the Mini plus dismantled it to find when they might provide an alternative. Ford determined which the BMC need been losing about £30 per auto, so decided with make the greater vehicle – the Cortina, introduced inside 1962 – because its rival inside the budget marketplace. BMC insisted which the technique organization overheads were shared out, the Mini usually produced cash. Larger income came within the prevalent De Luxe models plus from optional extras including seat belts, door mirrors, a heater along with a radio, that will be considered necessities about contemporary vehicles, and the different Cooper plus Cooper S models.
The Mini entered into prevalent culture inside the 1960s with well-publicised purchases by movie plus music stars.
The Mini Moke is a car based found on the Mini tailored for the British Motor Corporation by Sir Alec Issigonis.
The name originates from "Mini"—the auto with that the Moke shares various parts—and "Moke", that is an archaic dialect expression for donkey. The Moke has been advertised below many names including Austin Mini Moke, Morris Mini Moke plus Leyland Moke.
The initial shape had been a prototype for a light military car inside the fashion of the American Jeep, nevertheless its little wheels plus low ground clearance prepared it impractical because an off-road car. It was subsequently available inside a civilian adaptation because a low-cost, conveniently maintained utility car. The Moke finally attained achievement because a beach buggy—becoming a favored 'cult' car inside the Algarve, Seychelles, Australia, the United States plus countless tropical hotels inside the Caribbean. The authentic Moke employed identical engine, transmission plus suspension components within the Mini Van.
The initially Mokes were just built at BMC's Longbridge, Birmingham plant. 14,518 Mokes were yielded inside the UK between 1964 plus 1968, 26,000 inside Australia between 1966 plus 1981, plus 10,000 inside Portugal between 1980 plus 1993 whenever creation of the Moke ended.
Whenever Issigonis crafted the Mini, he planned another car with share the Mini's mechanical components, however with a more durable body shell. This was an attempt with take a part of the military car company from Land Rover. Issigonis had earlier crafted the Nuffield Guppy inside a failed attempt with break into which marketplace. By 1959, BMC had functioning prototypes of what was codenamed "The Buckboard", later with become the Mini Moke. These prototypes were shown with the British Army because a parachute-droppable car, yet bad ground clearance along with a low-powered engine didn't meet the many simple needs for an off-road car. Only the Royal Navy showed any interest at all inside the Buckboard—as a car for utilize found on the decks of aircraft carriers.
Early marketing information produced much of the lightness of the car, showing 4 soldiers going inside the Moke off-road, then selecting it up by its tubular bumpers plus carrying it whenever its low ground clearance proven inadequate.
In a further attempt with create anything for the military, a some four-wheel drive Mokes were created by the addition of the 2nd engine plus transmission at the back of the car with connected clutches plus gear shifters. This did nothing for the ground-clearance issues, plus mechanical problems frustrated development beyond the prototype stage. This car was called "The Twini" plus was shown with the US Army—again without achievement.
Three of these cars were chosen by the Brazilian Army following being grabbed throughout the 1969 Rupununi Rebellion from Guyanese rebels, that had crossed the edge into Brazil.
Eventually BMC gave up found on the idea of marketing the Moke with the military, plus inside 1963 the choice was produced with build a civilian adaptation, targeting farmers plus light commercial applications. Many prototypes were integrated 1963, 1 of that is nonetheless acknowledged with exist inside Pinner only outside London, England. The Moke was established onto the British marketplace inside 1964. The British Customs plus Excise department decided which the Moke ought to be categorized because a passenger automobile instead of because a commercial car that meant it attracted buy taxes, reducing sales inside its intended commercial marketplace.
The Moke attracted attention because a 'cult' car because a happen of the unprecedented achievement of the Mini plus by media exposure inside the prevalent tv series The Prisoner, and inside the Traffic track "Berkshire Poppies." Despite this, just regarding a tenth of the 14,500 British yielded Mokes were available inside the UK. Mokes continued with be prepared inside Britain till 1968.
1967 Austin Mini Moke
British-made Mokes were fitted with a low-end 848 cc inline-four engine, detuned with employ low-octane gas. They employed the same suspension, gearbox plus 10 inch wheels because the standard Mini. In the initial providing, passenger seats, grab handles, heater, windscreen washer along with a removable canvas top were all optional equipment delivered individually within the car. Owners had with bolt these optional extras onto the car themselves. The base cost was GB£ 405. The 'Mk I' Mokes had a single windscreen wiper along with a floor-mounted headlight dip switch, as well as the just color accessible was "Spruce Green". In 1967, the 'Mk II' Moke added a passenger-side wiper. Horn plus headlight controls were moved onto the signal stalk. These later British Mokes were moreover obtainable in white.
The John Player & Sons cigarette organization ran a team of Mokes inside autocross contests about grass tracks from 1968. These cars were loaded with rollover security plus selected the Mini Cooper S 1275 cc engine.
The Moke was integrated Australia from 1966 with 1981 where it was initially advertised because the Morris Mini Moke plus from 1973 because the Leyland Moke. Initially Australian Mokes had the same 10 inch wheels because British Mokes plus Mini saloons, yet these were shortly changed by 13 inch wheels with longer back trailing arms, that produced them more useful for gentle off-road or beach utilize than the British variation. The strong metal seats of the British Mokes were changed with tubular-framed 'deck-chair' seats. This variant began with a 998 cc engine that was turned inside mid-production with 1,098 cc. In 1976, with all the advent of fresh anti-pollution needs, the nearby produced 1,098 cc engine was changed by an imported adaptation of the 998 cc engine with an air pump plus exhaust fuel recirculation, that had been developed to satisfy UK anti-pollution specifications.
For a short period about 1972, Leyland Australia yielded a variant referred with inside Leyland literature because "Moke, specialized export", nevertheless commonly called a "Californian", that had a 1,275 cc engine plus was fitted with side marker lights plus different back lights with conform with US FMVSS specifications. The gas tank within the Austin Sprite or MG Midget was fitted under the back weight location, changing the standard tank installed inside the left sidebox. The export Californian was easily recognisable by its rooftop plus seats, trimmed inside 'Op-pop verve' black plus white tiger striped plastic or 'Orange Bali' plastic, that looked somewhat like a fruit dish, plus was quickly advertised with the 'flower power' culture inside the United States.
The name "Californian" as well as the 1,275 cc engine were resurrected inside 1977 for Australian marketplace Mokes with denim seat covers, more comfortable seats, spoked wheels plus complex tubular bumpers.
Australian Mokes were exported with countless nations, plus pioneered large-scale exports of Australian-made cars. Leyland Australia produced much of these exports inside its advertising. The employ of Australian-made Mokes by the Israeli Army attracted controversy plus media attention.
From 1975, a pickup adaptation of the Moke was yielded, with a 1.45 x 1.50 metre drop-sided bed that protruded behind the back of the car, along with a fabric top over the cab location. At least 2 four-wheel drive Moke prototypes were produced by Leyland Australia inside the late 1970s, however, unlike the British adaptation, these employed simply 1 engine. Leyland were planning with market this adaptation, nevertheless Moke creation inside Australia ended inside 1981 plus all which remains of the project is regarded as the prototypes that is today owned by an enthusiast inside Western Australia along with a modified differential crownwheel with gearteeth cut inside the side with drive the back tailshaft, inside the individual assortment of a Melbourne Mini expert.
In 1977, a 1,275 cc Cooper S-engined Moke was entered into the Singapore Airlines London-Sydney Marathon. The vehicle was driven over 20,000 km over 25 days plus completed inside 35th region.
Morris Mini K
Morris Mini K
Built inside the Australian British Motor Corporation factory at Zetland, New South Wales, utilizing 80% nearby content, the Morris Mini K was advertised because the "terrific leap forward". The Mini K had a 1098 cc engine plus was the last round-nose model with be yielded inside Australia, initially priced at A$1780. The Mini K was available inside 2-door sedan plus 2-door van body designs.
Mini Cooper plus Cooper S: 1961–2000
1963 Austin Mini Cooper S
Issigonis' friend John Cooper, owner of the Cooper Car Company plus designer plus builder of Formula One plus rally vehicles, saw the possible of the Mini for competition. Issigonis was initially hesitant to find the Mini inside the character of the performance automobile, however, following John Cooper appealed with BMC administration, the 2 males collaborated with create the Mini Cooper. The Austin Mini Cooper plus Morris Mini Cooper debuted inside 1961.
The 848 cc engine within the Morris Mini-Minor was provided a longer stroke with grow capability with 997 cubic centimetres improving energy from 34 with 55 bhp. The auto showcased a racing-tuned engine, twin SU carburettors, a closer-ratio gearbox plus front disk brakes, unusual at the amount of time in a tiny vehicle. One 1000 units of the adaptation were commissioned by administration, intended for plus crafted to satisfy the homologation rules of Group 2 rally racing. The 997 cc engine was changed with a smaller stroke 998 cc device inside 1964. In 1962, Rhodesian John Love became the initially non-British racing driver with win the British Saloon Car Championship driving a Mini Cooper.
Timo Mäkinen plus Mini Cooper S about their method to the initially of the hat-trick of wins inside the 1000 Lakes Rally inside Finland
A more effective Mini Cooper, dubbed the "S", was developed inside tandem plus introduced inside 1963. Featuring a 1071 cc engine with a 70.61 mm bore plus nitrided steel crankshaft plus strengthened bottom end with enable further tuning; plus greater servo-assisted disk brakes, 4,030 Cooper S vehicles were yielded plus available till the model was up-to-date inside August 1964. Cooper equally yielded 2 S models especially for circuit racing inside the under 1,000 cc plus under 1,300 cc classes respectively, rated at 970 cc along with a 1,275 cc, both had a 70.61 mm bore plus both of that were moreover available with the public. The smaller-engine model wasn't perfectly received, plus just 963 had been built whenever the model was discontinued inside 1965. The 1,275 cc Cooper S models continued inside creation till 1971.
Sales of the Mini Cooper were because follows: 64,000 Mark I Coopers with 997 cc or 998 cc engines; 19,000 Mark I Cooper S with 970 cc, 1,071 cc or 1,275 cc engines; 16,000 Mark II Coopers with 998 cc engines; 6,300 Mark II Cooper S with 1,275 cc motors. There were no Mark III Coopers plus merely 1,570 Mark III Cooper S.
The Mini Cooper S earned the Monte Carlo Rally inside 1964, 1965 plus 1967. Minis were initially located initial, 2nd plus 3rd inside the 1966 rally also, yet were disqualified following a controversial choice by the French judges. The disqualification associated with the utilization of the varying resistance headlamp dimming circuit inside destination of the dual-filament lamp. It ought to be noted which the Citroën DS that has been eventually granted initially area had illegal white headlamps however escaped disqualification. The driver of the Citroën, Pauli Toivonen, was hesitant with accept the trophy plus vowed which he might not race for Citroën again. BMC possibly received more publicity within the disqualification than they might have gained from a victory.
In 1969, beneath the ownership of British Leyland, the Mini was provided a facelift by stylist Roy Haynes, whom had earlier worked for Ford. The restyled variation was called the Mini Clubman, plus has a squarer frontal look, utilizing the same indicator/sidelight assembly because the Austin Maxi. The Mini Clubman was intended with substitute the upmarket Riley plus Wolseley versions. A hot model, dubbed the 1275GT, was slated because the substitution for the 998 cc Mini Cooper. The Clubman Estate changed the Countryman plus Traveller.
British Leyland continued with make the classic 1959 "round-front" shape, alongside the new Clubman plus 1275GT models
Production of the Clubman plus 1275GT got off with a slow begin considering the vehicles included "many manufacturing changes" including the relocation of tooling within the manufacturer's Cowley plant with the Longbridge plant: few vehicles were handed over with shoppers before the early months of 1970.
Early domestic marketplace Clubmans were nevertheless delivered about cross-ply tyres even though by 1970 radials had become the norm for the car's mainstream competitors. By 1973 new Minis were, by standard, being shipped with radial tyres, though cross-plies can be specified by specialized purchase, providing British customers a cost saving of £8.
The 1275GT is usually incorrectly described because the "Mini Clubman 1275GT". The official name was constantly only the "Mini 1275GT", plus it had been a separate, distinct model within the Clubman.
In 1971, the 1,275 cc Mini Cooper S was discontinued inside the UK, exiting the Mini 1275GT because truly the only sporting Mini about sale for the rest of the decade. Innocenti inside Italy, though, continued creating their own variation of the Mini Cooper for several time. While the UK built 1275GT wasn't almost because fast because a 1275 Mini Cooper S, it was cheaper with purchase, run, plus insure. It was the initial Mini with be built with a tachometer. It moreover showcased a standard-fit close-ratio gearbox. Performance of the 1275GT was lively for the time, achieving 0–60 mph inside 12.9 seconds, as well as the great midrange torque available a